The sources behind our AI colleagues

3D models and heights of every building in the Netherlands, derived from the national laser elevation map; the basis for height comparisons and indicative sunlight calculations.

Direct consultation · LEO, VERA, BEVER

Regulator for competition, consumer protection and regulated sectors: decisions and guidelines, sector regulation (method and tariff decisions for energy, telecoms and post) and market studies.

Direct consultation · Selected documents · LEO, BEVER

Dutch privacy regulator: GDPR guidance, fining decisions and positions.

Direct consultation · LEO, BEVER, IRMA

Official public information from the KNMP on medicines and usage advice.

Direct consultation · ZIA

Registry of Addresses and Buildings: official address and building data.

Direct consultation · LEO, VERA, BEVER

Official Dutch Tax Administration information: knowledge-group positions and tax policy.

Direct consultation · Selected documents · LEO, BEVER

Official register of qualified healthcare professionals; verify a BIG number and profession.

Direct consultation · LEO, ZIA

News references and summaries for public administration. Does not include full subscription articles.

Direct consultation · BEVER, IRMA

Soil information known to government: sites with soil investigation or remediation, the soil quality map and municipal soil policy.

Direct consultation · LEO, VERA, BEVER

The official trademark register of the Benelux Office for Intellectual Property (BOIP) for Belgium, the Netherlands and Luxembourg.

Direct consultation · LEO

Cone penetration tests from the Key Register of the Subsurface around an address, for a first view of the subsurface.

Direct consultation · LEO, VERA, BEVER

Public collective labour agreement registrations, social funds and social plans, with validity dates and associated documents, published by the Dutch Ministry of Social Affairs and Employment.

Direct consultation · LEO, VERA, ZIA, BEVER, IRMA

Open statistics from Statistics Netherlands (CBS).

Direct consultation · BEVER, IRMA

Rulings of the highest administrative court for social security, social assistance, social support and youth care, student finance and civil-service law.

Direct consultation · LEO, BEVER

Opinions of the Netherlands Institute for Human Rights on discrimination and equal treatment. Authoritative, but not a court ruling and not legally binding.

Direct consultation · LEO, BEVER

Rulings of the highest administrative court for economic regulation: competition, financial supervision, energy and telecoms, agriculture and food safety.

Direct consultation · LEO, BEVER

EU database of research and innovation projects (Horizon).

Direct consultation · LEO, VERA

Economic analyses, forecasts and assessments of policy and public finances.

Direct consultation · BEVER

KOOP database of consolidated, current by-laws and policy rules of Dutch municipalities, provinces and water authorities.

Direct consultation · LEO, VERA, BEVER

National government data portal: a register that describes datasets from ministries, provinces, municipalities and other public bodies and links to the data holder. It covers both open and closed data.

Direct consultation · BEVER, IRMA

Prudai’s public product documentation; shared across all products.

Direct consultation · LEO, VERA, ZIA, BEVER, IRMA

Guidelines, publications and answers on European banking regulation.

Direct consultation · LEO

Public cases and decisions on competition, mergers and state aid.

Direct consultation · LEO, BEVER

Publications on monetary policy, financial stability and banking supervision.

Direct consultation · LEO

News and guidance from ENISA, the EU cybersecurity agency, on NIS2, threat landscapes and more.

Direct consultation · BEVER, IRMA

European Patent Office: patent data via Open Patent Services, the European Patent Convention with the Guidelines and the Case Law book, and the decisions of the Boards of Appeal.

Direct consultation · LEO

Publications, answers and sanctions records on European securities and markets supervision.

Direct consultation · LEO

Official EU source for taxation and customs (DG TAXUD): VAT rules and rates, VIES number validation, customs procedures and CBAM.

Direct consultation · LEO

EU Intellectual Property Office: EU trade marks and designs.

Direct consultation · LEO

Official EU law database: treaties, regulations, directives and EU case law.

Direct consultation · LEO, VERA, BEVER, IRMA

Independent medication information (dosing, indications, contraindications).

Direct consultation · ZIA

Council information for 35 Dutch municipalities: meeting agendas with the decision per item, council proposals, decision lists, motions and amendments.

Direct consultation · LEO, VERA, BEVER, IRMA

Reference architectures for municipalities (GEMMA) and government-wide (NORA).

Direct consultation · BEVER, IRMA

German federal legislation and case law of the federal courts (incl. BVerfG, BGH, BFH, BAG and BVerwG) from the Federal Republic's legal-information portal, which is still in a test phase. No state law.

Direct consultation · LEO

Rulings and policy on rent and service-cost disputes.

Direct consultation · LEO

Meeting documents and decisions of municipal councils and other public bodies.

Direct consultation · LEO, VERA, BEVER, IRMA

Information Security Service of the Association of Netherlands Municipalities: point of contact for municipalities on information security and privacy, with knowledge of the BIO baseline. The statutory CSIRT tasks for municipalities are carried out by the NCSC.

Direct consultation · Selected documents · BEVER, IRMA

News and enforcement decisions of the Dutch Health and Youth Care Inspectorate.

Direct consultation · BEVER, IRMA

News and professional commentary from IIA Netherlands, the internal auditors' professional body. The professional standards themselves (the Global Internal Audit Standards) are not included.

Direct consultation · BEVER, IRMA

The statutory public register of bankruptcies, moratoriums and debt restructurings (Wsnp), kept by the judiciary.

Direct consultation · LEO, VERA

Government knowledge centre for the physical living environment: Omgevingswet guidance.

Direct consultation · LEO, VERA, BEVER, IRMA

News and positions of the Association of Provincial Authorities (IPO).

Direct consultation · BEVER, IRMA

Tax-advisory firm; publicly accessible practice commentary (columns, Q&A and dossiers). The firm's own views, not Tax Administration positions.

Direct consultation · LEO

Financial Services Complaints Institute: rulings on financial disputes.

Direct consultation · LEO

Climate maps at an address: flood probability and water depth, land subsidence, foundation risk per neighbourhood, flooding from extreme rainfall and urban heat.

Direct consultation · LEO, VERA, BEVER

The official Dutch business register: legal form, directors and establishments of companies.

Direct consultation · LEO

Guidelines and code of conduct (GBL) for handling personal-injury claims.

Direct consultation · LEO

Open scholarly index with descriptions of publications (title, authors, abstract, where to find them), including a selection of Dutch law journals. No full texts: most works are not open access.

Direct consultation · LEO

Investigations, reports and decisions on relations between citizens and government.

Direct consultation · BEVER

The boundaries of the Natura 2000 sites: which protected nature area lies closest to an address and how far away.

Direct consultation · LEO, VERA, BEVER

Security advisories from the Dutch National Cyber Security Centre: vulnerabilities and threats with their CVEs and CVSS scores.

Direct consultation · LEO, BEVER, IRMA

Nedap care record system. Connecting it requires separate setup and authorisation from the care organisation.

Reference information · ZIA

Standards body: public catalogue information about NEN standards. Access to standard texts is subject to separate terms.

Reference information · VERA

Guidance on mayoral powers, public order and local government.

Selected documents · BEVER

Netherlands Institute for Public Safety: crisis management and safety regions.

Selected documents · BEVER

News and professional commentary from NOREA, the professional body of IT auditors. The professional rules and standards themselves (such as standards 3000 and 3402) are not included.

Direct consultation · BEVER, IRMA

Council documents (agendas, proposals, motions and minutes) of hundreds of Dutch municipalities, provinces and water authorities via the Notubiz platform.

Direct consultation · LEO, VERA, BEVER, IRMA

Policy rules, tariff decisions and knowledge documents from the Dutch Healthcare Authority.

Direct consultation · LEO, ZIA

KOOP platform for the Government Gazette, Bulletin of Acts, treaties and local official journals.

Direct consultation · LEO, VERA, BEVER

Location-based rules from the Omgevingswet system (DSO/OZON): the local environment plans, provincial environment ordinances and water-authority ordinances, and the zoning plans (bestemmingsplannen) that still apply as the temporary part of the environment plan (zoning, building envelope, eaves and building height).

Direct consultation · LEO, VERA, BEVER

Central platform for proactively disclosed government information (Woo): ministerial letters to parliament, Woo decisions and policy documents. Since late April 2026 the central government publishes its letters to parliament here instead of on rijksoverheid.nl.

Direct consultation · LEO, BEVER, IRMA

Research and publications on the environment, nature, spatial planning and climate policy.

Direct consultation · BEVER

Government publication platform (KOOP): policy rules and implementation guidance.

Direct consultation · LEO, BEVER

Rulings of the Administrative Jurisdiction Division (including interim relief) and advisory opinions of the Advisory Division.

Direct consultation · LEO, BEVER

Reference collective agreements from key sectors, including engineering, hospitality, care and temporary work.

Selected documents · LEO

SER opinions and Labour Foundation recommendations on codetermination, the labour market, working conditions and collective bargaining.

Selected documents · LEO

General Conditions for Construction Contracts, consumer edition.

Selected documents · LEO, VERA

General Conditions for Construction Contracts, business (B2B) edition.

Selected documents · LEO, VERA

The 2024 Indicative Table with standard amounts for disability and moral damages in Belgian personal injury law.

Selected documents · LEO

PIANOo guides on purchasing and procurement: the Proportionality Guide, model documents and sustainable procurement.

Selected documents · LEO, BEVER

Europa Decentraal guides on state aid and EU procurement, including the Didam guide.

Selected documents · LEO, BEVER

Platform31 policy studies on regional economy, business parks and area transformation.

Selected documents · BEVER

CCV theme files on camera surveillance, Bibob, subversive crime, housing nuisance and prevention.

Selected documents · BEVER

Ministry of the Interior guides from the Resilient Governance Network on integrity and administrative resilience.

Selected documents · BEVER

Divosa guides on the Participation Act, civic integration and work-and-income implementation.

Selected documents · ZIA, BEVER

Movisie methods and guides on welfare, the social base, poverty and domestic violence.

Selected documents · ZIA, BEVER

The Nibud methodology on household finances, budget standards and poverty testing.

Selected documents · ZIA, BEVER

Youth care knowledge files and guidelines of the Netherlands Youth Institute (NJi).

Selected documents · ZIA, BEVER

Debt assistance codes of conduct, modules and guides of the NVVK industry association.

Selected documents · ZIA, BEVER

Registration criteria, disciplinary rules and assessment framework of the Youth Quality Register Foundation (SKJ).

Selected documents · ZIA, BEVER

The risk sheets of the Dutch construction health-and-safety catalogue.

Selected documents · VERA

The RVO research reports underlying BENG and NTA 8800.

Selected documents · VERA

DNR 2011: the client–architect/engineer/consultant legal relationship, with commentary.

Selected documents · VERA

KOMO assessment guidelines (BRL) with model attestations and certificates.

Selected documents · VERA

NTA 8800: the method for determining building energy performance (BENG, energy labels).

Selected documents · VERA

Consolidated chromium-6 file on the major Dutch employer cases (Defence, NedTrain, KLM), including RIVM reports and compensation schemes.

Selected documents · LEO

KBvG regulation and disciplinary practice: the Bailiffs Regulation, model writs and Btag tariffs.

Selected documents · LEO

Supervision and doctrine around bailiff practice: BFT circulars, the vtlb manual and the NVI code of conduct.

Selected documents · LEO

De Nieuwe Regeling 2005: predecessor of DNR 2011 and DNR 2025.

Selected documents · LEO, VERA

General terms for consultancy assignments between clients and architects, structural engineers and consultants.

Selected documents · LEO, VERA

The Trema report methodology for child and partner maintenance plus LBIO practice on collection and indexation.

Selected documents · LEO

KNB publications on European succession law, international child abduction and open-access family law doctrine.

Selected documents · LEO

Mediation rules, conduct rules for registered mediators and vFAS models for divorce practice.

Selected documents · LEO

Procedural rules for family cases at Dutch courts and frameworks for juvenile law.

Selected documents · LEO

The complete 2026 Tax Plan package: bills, amendment memoranda and parliamentary documents.

Selected documents · LEO

OECD material (model convention, MLI, Pillar Two) and explanatory notes to bilateral tax treaties.

Selected documents · LEO

Dutch Association of Tax Advisers (NOB) commentaries and consultation responses on tax legislation.

Selected documents · LEO

The conduct rules of the Netherlands Bar: the ethical standards binding every Dutch lawyer, plus the Legal Profession Regulation, the General Council's positions and the Bar's legislative advice from advocatenorde.nl.

Direct consultation · Selected documents · LEO

Reference framework for good governance and supervision in the Dutch care sector.

Selected documents · LEO, ZIA

Dutch Rent Tribunal policy books (points system, defects, service charges, rent increases, fees), the 2026 rent parameters and the government's guidance on the Affordable Rent Act.

Selected documents · LEO

EUIPO and WIPO examination guidelines for trademarks and designs at EU and international level.

Selected documents · LEO

Dutch and Benelux IP practice: patent attorney conduct rules, BMM honour rules and AIPPI reports.

Selected documents · LEO

INSOLAD practice rules for insolvency administrators and the accompanying yearbooks and reports.

Selected documents · LEO

Recofa guidelines for bankruptcies, moratoria and debt restructuring plus the national procedural rules for insolvency cases.

Selected documents · LEO

WHOA implementation material, KBvG guidelines bordering on attachment law and CBS bankruptcy statistics.

Selected documents · LEO

The NIST Cybersecurity Framework 2.0 with its six functions and categories.

Selected documents · IRMA

The complete Dutch Government Information Security Baseline 2 (BIO2): chapters, controls and government measures.

Selected documents · IRMA

The Logius DigiD standards framework 3.0, the basis of the annual ICT security assessment.

Selected documents · IRMA

The ENSIA accountability system: single information audit covering DigiD, Suwinet, BRP, BAG and more.

Selected documents · IRMA

The GeVS accountability directive: the standards framework for the joint SUWI facilities (Suwinet).

Selected documents · IRMA

EU guidance on AI, data and cybersecurity: ENISA NIS2 implementation and EDPB opinions and guidelines.

Selected documents · LEO

Case law and practice material on bereavement damages, including the Ministry of Justice information sheet.

Selected documents · LEO

Belgian personal injury doctrine and case law: Indicative Table, Book 6 Civil Code, Court of Cassation and Assuralia industry rules.

Selected documents · LEO

Lexces TSB protocols and the European schedule for substance-related occupational diseases in employer liability cases.

Selected documents · LEO

The Code of Conduct for Personal Injury Claims (GBL) with its Medical Paragraph and accompanying DLR working documents.

Selected documents · LEO

The IWMD question set and related guidelines for medical expert questions in personal injury cases.

Selected documents · LEO

Letselschaderaad guidelines for damage assessment: household help, study delay, hospital costs, mileage and fatal-accident claims.

Selected documents · LEO

GOMA 2022 and the KNMG code of conduct: open disclosure and physicians' ethical duties around medical incidents.

Selected documents · LEO

Research literature and authoritative reports on personal injury: extrajudicial costs, long-running cases and standardisation of claims settlement.

Selected documents · LEO

Knowledge dossier on police-officer injury claims: PTSD, duty accidents and occupational disease under the Barp, including the 2025 transitional law and historical government reports.

Selected documents · LEO

The official Rotterdamse Schaal publication: ordering of non-material damage awards for physical injury.

Selected documents · LEO

Industry rules of the Dutch Association of Insurers for motor liability handling, including Business Rule 7 (innocent third party).

Selected documents · LEO

Dutch commercial mediation practice and doctrine: NAI and SGOA rules and academic literature.

Selected documents · LEO

International commercial mediation: ICC, UNCITRAL, IMI and CEDR rules and the Singapore Convention.

Selected documents · LEO

Rules and guidance of the Dutch healthcare disciplinary tribunals (CTG and RTG).

Selected documents · LEO

Open-access notarial doctrine from the Radboud Repository, from AI in the notariat to succession law topics.

Selected documents · LEO

KNB practice directions and guides, including client funds and testamentary capacity assessment.

Selected documents · LEO

The Bbl practice handbook: doctrinal commentary on the Building Works (Living Environment) Decree under the Environment Act.

Selected documents · LEO, VERA

International contracting soft law and M&A practice: WorldCC principles, W&I insurance and INTA material.

Selected documents · LEO

The Dutch corporate governance canon: the MCCG code, Eumedion handbook and related soft law.

Selected documents · LEO

The PCT, its Regulations, the Administrative Instructions and WIPO's PCT Applicant's Guide for international patent applications.

Selected documents · LEO

The LOVS sentencing guidelines Dutch judges use for crimes and offences.

Selected documents · LEO

The current prosecution guidelines and directives of the Public Prosecution Service, as published in the Government Gazette.

Selected documents · LEO

The National Criminal Procedure Rules and practice material on criminal proceedings and the victim's position.

Selected documents · LEO

Uniform Administrative Conditions for the execution of works and technical installation works (2012, 2025 edition).

Selected documents · LEO, VERA

Dutch insurance industry self-regulation: codes of conduct, fraud protocols, industry rules and recourse covenants of the Dutch Association of Insurers, plus the Kifid, disciplinary board and CIS rules.

Selected documents · LEO

Dutch food regulation and self-regulation: NVWA handbooks, intervention policy and the Food Advertising Code.

Selected documents · LEO

Doctrine and oversight in immigration law: Migration Advisory Council, Migration Law Clinic and Council of State.

Selected documents · LEO

International asylum sources: EUAA country guidance, practical guides and UNHCR/FRA material.

Selected documents · LEO

Dutch immigration practice: IND work instructions, country reports and NIDOS publications.

Selected documents · LEO

CIZ policy rules for Wlz needs assessment (2023–2026) and the LOV-RI care-damage recommendation for assessing permanent care costs.

Selected documents · LEO, ZIA

Guidance, handbooks and model documents of the Dutch association of housing associations: the 2025 Governance Code for Housing Associations and the rulings of its Governance Code Committee, model articles and regulations, integrity, the Housing Act, the financial framework, rent policy, model tenancy agreements and housing allocation. Industry guidance, not legislation.

Selected documents · LEO

How the Dutch Housing Associations Authority supervises social housing (governance and integrity, housing, real estate, FAQ, the joint assessment framework with the WSW guarantee fund and how its financial ratios are calculated) and the government's guidance on the Housing Act, good landlordship, housing allocation and the new national housing governance act.

Selected documents · LEO

The national monuments register with listed buildings, protected townscapes and world heritage per address, plus knowledge and publications on monuments, archaeology and cultural heritage.

Direct consultation · LEO, VERA, BEVER

Open data on Dutch case law (rulings by ECLI, keyword, area of law or date), plus the judiciary's procedural rules and sentencing guidance.

Direct consultation · LEO, VERA, BEVER

Self-regulation: rulings of the Dutch Advertising Code Committee and its appeal board on advertisements, tested against the Dutch Advertising Code. The outcome is a recommendation, not a court ruling.

Direct consultation · LEO

Audits of the efficiency and legitimacy of central-government spending.

Direct consultation · BEVER, IRMA

Evidence-based medical guidelines from the Dutch scientific medical societies.

Direct consultation · LEO, ZIA

Official state-budget documents: budgets, annual reports and the Miljoenennota.

Direct consultation · BEVER, IRMA

Official central-government portal: policy, explanations, news and publications of the cabinet and ministries. Letters to parliament until late April 2026; newer ones are on open.overheid.nl.

Direct consultation · LEO, BEVER, IRMA

National noise maps from RIVM (Atlas Leefomgeving): the calculated noise exposure from road traffic, rail traffic, industry and all sources combined at an address.

Direct consultation · LEO, VERA, BEVER

Arbitral awards in construction disputes.

Direct consultation · LEO, VERA

Netherlands Enterprise Agency; incl. BENG requirements and energy labels.

Direct consultation · LEO, VERA, BEVER

Arbitral awards of the Healthcare Arbitration Tribunal on employment and governance disputes within care institutions.

Direct consultation · LEO

Research and publications on Dutch society and social policy.

Direct consultation · BEVER

Health-insurance disputes: rulings of the Health Insurance Disputes Committee.

Direct consultation · LEO

Public patient information on symptoms and self-care, developed by GPs (NHG).

Direct consultation · ZIA

Public knowledge and publications on mental health, alcohol, tobacco and drugs.

Direct consultation · BEVER

Disciplinary-tribunal decisions across Dutch professions (medical, legal, etc.).

Direct consultation · LEO

Parliamentary documents, motions, written questions and debates of the House of Representatives.

Direct consultation · LEO, BEVER, IRMA

News and positions of the Dutch Water Authorities association.

Direct consultation · BEVER, IRMA

Employee-insurance administration agency: policy rules and knowledge documents.

Direct consultation · Selected documents · LEO, ZIA, BEVER

Official Foreign Affairs registry of all treaties of the Kingdom: status, parties, entry into force and reservations.

Direct consultation · LEO

News and positions of the Netherlands Association of Universities of Applied Sciences.

Direct consultation · IRMA

Guidelines, manuals and knowledge base from the disability-care sector association.

Direct consultation · ZIA

Association of Netherlands Municipalities: guidance and model by-laws.

Direct consultation · BEVER, IRMA

Public information on healthy nutrition, diet and nutrients.

Direct consultation · ZIA

Official Dutch legislation database (KOOP): consolidated national laws and regulations.

Direct consultation · LEO, VERA, BEVER, IRMA

Research reports on law, crime, security and migration.

Direct consultation · BEVER

Trade journalism from Zorg+Welzijn on practice and policy in the Dutch social domain. Only the title and editorial summary are available, never the full article (paywall).

Direct consultation · BEVER, IRMA